Abstract

The theory of constraints (TOC) is a thinking process that focuses on the weakest link in a process. By identifying the core problem, solution, and implementation of the solution for each successive weakest link, TOC supports continuous improvement. There are five steps to TOC. First, identify the constraint. This is the process bottleneck. It can be identified with techniques like load analysis or cycle time analysis. However, gross capacity analysis might be misleading. Second, exploit the constraint by getting the most capacity as possible through the constraint. Strategies for doing this include establishing a starved buffer to prevent starving the constraint and a space buffer to prevent idleness at the constraint. Implementing quality control points and eliminating defects also can help. Third, subordinate everything to the constraint. Fourth, elevate the constraint by creating or purchasing additional capacity. Fifth, once the weak link has been strengthened, go back to step one of the TOC process and implement TOC on the new system constraint or weakest link.